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ABSTRACT
The Bering
Sea’s inner shelf (<30 m) circulation is poorly known, but it is a critical
habitat and migratory corridor for marine organisms and links coastal
rivers with mid-shelf waters. The residents of Quinhagak (Kuskokwim Bay)
deployed 64 satellite-tracked drifters between June and October in 2008
and 2009, in clusters of 4 drifters at ~2-week intervals, to elucidate
the time-varying circulation of the inner shelf. Inner shelf flow variations
respond to tides, winds, and coastal freshwater discharge, although the
bulk of the non-tidal variability is wind-forced. Summer winds are weak
and variable and the inner shelf flow is weakly northward. Winds are
strong and northerly in fall, forcing a westward cross-shelf flow. That
flow has short (~2 days, 10 km) integral time and decorrelation length
scales, which reflect passage of storms. The seasonal partitioning of
the flow has important ramifications for this marine ecosystem. Passively
drifting organisms move northward along the coast of western Alaska in
summer, but offshore through fall. The seasonal flow transitions also
affect the salt and nutrient budgets for the Bering shelf, because the
fall offshore flow carries dilute, nitrate-poor, inner shelf waters onto
the mid-shelf, where the mean flow is sluggish. Hence, coastal waters
may remain here through spring and thus affect the mid-shelf nutrient
reservoir during the spring bloom. Our results demonstrate that the inner
shelf, which is inaccessible to many vessels, can be studied efficiently
through collaborations with local communities.
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